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How long does it take to increase pasture fertility with Mob Grazing?

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(@grassfedit)
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How long does it take to increase a pastures fertility with Mob Grazing?  I am on my 3rd year of Mob Grazing a new farm and I am running a Mob density of about 20,000 lbs. / acre in the spring and 50,000 lbs. / acre in the summer and I move them once a day.  This past winter I unrolled hay from Jan 1 to Mar 1 and then I put them on a sacrifice paddock from March 1 to April 15.  The year before I started grazing Mar 15 and I felt like I over grazed it, which is why I did the sacrifice paddock this year.  The grass is getting worse in some areas of the farm, which is the reason for the question.  The areas where I have unrolled hay look amazing, but I am discouraged to see the lack of response from my daily moves. 

I appreciate any insight you might have.

Location is southern Iowa and we average about 37 inches of precipitation a year.

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Grazing Acres Farm
(@grazing-acres-farm)
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I've had good and bad results from mob grazing. I think I was using it too much and at the wrong times of the growing season. For instance, I used to start the season mob grazing with one daily move. It didn't take long to notice it needed more recovery time than I had for a rotation around the farm. I then started making the paddocks twice as big with one daily move. there was far less trampling but it recovered well within a rotation around the farm. 
This year, I started the season using the bigger paddocks and 1 move a day, the pastures look great. Sure there is some Ironweed growing but there is red/white clovers and grass knee high. My plan to finish the season is to continue using the bigger paddocks unless I come to an area I want to change, then I will make the paddock smaller to increase the pressure. Doing this, I will not take from my rotation too much and at the most I skip these areas for 1-2 cycles. 
I've been grazing our leased farm for 8 years and I am noticing huge differences this year, the first couple I didn't notice much. I guess we just got to keep tweaking our systems until we see what's working. 

Grazing Acres Farm Channel https://youtube.com/c/GrazingAcresFarm


   
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(@grassfedit)
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@grazing-acres-farm

Thank you for the reply!  So your on year 8 and your starting to see positive things happening.  So maybe if you hadn't made some mistakes in the beginning it would have only taken 5 years to get where you are now? 

What do you mean by "at the most I skip these areas for 1-2 cycles."  Do you skip certain paddocks during a rotation to give it more rest?

What kind of MOB densities are you running in the spring summer and fall?

I think over grazing my poorer soils in the spring last year really stunted the grass in those areas and it will take a year or 2 for it to recover. 

Also I think there are a lot of things that need to happen to increase pasture fertility.  First of all the microbes need to be fed and awakened and a diversity of plants needs to be established.  I think there is a common misconception that its all about the manure and urine from the livestock.  At least that's what I thought in the beginning. My farm in particular, before I bought it, was getting a cutting of hay taken off of it in the summer and then grazed in the fall.  It was a monoculture of grass.  I had a hard time finding any clover on it, which was probably due to the fact that the grass was tall in the spring and summer and the clover was being shaded out.  Along with the use of herbicides to kill weeds, was also killing the clover.  The amount of clover and forbes I am seeing this year is amazing.  Almost too much clover in some areas, but I think its a healing cycle that will correct itself over time because the clover will feed the grass nitrogen.  Cover crop guys say that planting over 7 different species of plants creates a symbiosis amongst the soil microbes and is the key to building soil fertility without livestock. So if the cover crop guys want at least 7 species in their field, then the livestock grazer should want at least 7 too. 

Awakening the microbes and establishing plant diversity doesn't happen overnight.  I believe it takes a minimum of 3 years and the amount of time it takes is directly related to the stock density you are able to run.  The higher the stock density at the right time of year, the faster you can regenerate the soil.  Do you agree or disagree? 


   
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Grazing Acres Farm
(@grazing-acres-farm)
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You could be right, if I had not made mistakes I could have seen results sooner. And "yes" if an area needs more rest I will skip it for a rotation or two.

I agree, overgrazing in the spring will greatly set growth back. It's best to keep the herd moving in the spring so this doesn't happen. If you don't have time to move them then give more area so they are not overgrazing. 

I also agree that microbes are very important to establishing better fertility. Mob grazing will wake them up and get them working just by all the hoof action. The trampling of forage also feeds them is my understanding. The manure and urine do help the soil especially if your offering a good mineral program. We use Free Choice Enterprise and offer 20 minerals. We also applied and organic fertilizer this year called "Sea-90". It can be offered as a free choice mineral or broadcasted, we did both. I haven't talked to many cover crop guys but what you put makes since. Gotta keep the microbes happy. 

Our mob density is roughly 40,000 lbs. in the spring and by Fall it's around 50,000. 

You say you have too much clover in spots, do you happen to have any birds foot trefoil? I know in the early spring clover can cause bloating, Trefoil reverses bloat so it's good to have around. 

Grazing Acres Farm Channel https://youtube.com/c/GrazingAcresFarm


   
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(@grassfedit)
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I do have a lot of tree foil and I was unaware that it could reverse bloating. That's pretty cool. I haven't had any issues with bloating yet, but I lost some sleep this spring worrying about it.  Glad to hear we are running about the same stock density.  I would really Iike to double my stock density and go to moving them twice a day, but not sure how to work that into my schedule. I have to sleep sometime.  Not sure where I heard it, but I heard somewhere that if you can get over 100,000 lbs great things happen. 

We feed Free Choice mineral also, have you noticed any difference with the "Sea 90" broadcasting?  I have never heard of it.

 We are on our 3rd year with Free Choice on this farm and I can already tell they are taking way less mineral this year than the first.  I have heard people say you won't need anything but salt in about 10 years. How long have you been feeding Free Choice? 


 


   
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Grazing Acres Farm
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@grassfedit 

Our calving season is pretty much all year long so the herd is always growing. I sure wish we could get it to a smaller window. If all the cows would calve in the spring our density would be a little higher but that isn't the case. 
I've done 2 moves a day but only with the stocking density I spoke of. It's very time demanding and I haven't really noticed any benefits. 

Yes, I am seeing difference from the sea-90. When I broadcasted I made sure to miss strips so I had something to compare too. I would say the treated area is producing 30% more clover and the grasses grew an extra 6" before seeding out. I can see us adding more in the future. We bought a whole skid and it was applied back in the early spring. 

We have also offered free choice, we started with Redmond's mineral and Thorvin Kelp and used them for 7 years. The Thorvin kelp is good stuff but very pricey per bag. When we stopped using it it was $57 a bag (50#). Just start over a year ago, with FCE minerals and the cows love it. It's also a great tool, park the mineral feeder where you want change. The herd will trample everything around it. Here a picture from 2 days ago.


 

Grazing Acres Farm Channel https://youtube.com/c/GrazingAcresFarm


   
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(@grassfedit)
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I am pretty hard on my herd, I sell anything that is going to calve later than July 1st. The last 3 years my cull rate has been around 20%!  I hope to have some really fertile cows some day. 

I am really happy with the Free Choice mineral program.  I actually put a rubber mat down along side the feeder in the spring to prevent a mud hole when the ground is soft.  Our neighbors don't believe the cows can select the mineral they need, but there is no doubt in my mind that they can.  My cows will change their mineral intake the day their feed changes.  It is very noticeable when I switch their hay.  


   
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Grazing Acres Farm
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If we were to cull everything after July 1st, we'd be culling 60% of our herd. I would hate to see that happen as we have some really calm cows and the calm one's can be trick to find. We keep trying to scoot the calving season into spring but we also keep have bull issues. Hopefully our bull this year does a better job. I actually enjoyed Fall calving last year, cooler weather and way less flies.

I find our best grass is where the herd trampled the area like I showed above. I hope to share a picture of the area once it recovers. Before they trampled it, it was mostly brambles so any change is an improvement. 

Funny about your neighbors, I agree cattle know what they need and will consume only that. 

 

 

Grazing Acres Farm Channel https://youtube.com/c/GrazingAcresFarm


   
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